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The World Figure Skating Championships ("Worlds") is an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union. Medals are awarded in the categories of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. Generally held in March, the World Championships are considered the most prestigious of the ISU Championships, which also include the European Championships, the Four Continents Championships, and the World Junior Championships. With the exception of the Olympic title, a world title is considered to be the highest competitive achievement in figure skating.

The corresponding competition for junior-level skaters is the World Junior Championships. The corresponding competition for senior-level synchronized skating is the World Synchronized Skating Championships and for junior level the World Junior Synchronized Skating Championships.

History

The Internationale Eislauf-Vereinigung (International Skating Union) formed in 1892 to govern international competition in speed and figure skating. The first Championship, known as the Championship of the Internationale Eislauf-Vereingung, was held in Saint Petersburg in 1896. The event had four competitors and was won by Gilbert Fuchs.^[1]

The championships were presumed all-male since competitive skating was generally viewed as a male sport. However, there were no specific rules regarding the gender of competitors. In 1902, Madge Syers entered the championships, and won the silver medal.^[2] The 1903 ISU Congress considered gender issues, but passed no new rules. The 1905 Congress established a second class (ISU Championships rather than World Championships) ladies competition. Winners were to be known as ISU, not World Champions. Men's and ladies events were normally held separately. The first ladies competition was in 1906 and held in Davos,^[2] won by Syers.

The first pairs competition was held in St. Petersburg in 1908,^[3] even though in some countries pairs competition was illegal and considered indecent. One such country was Japan, which had applied for the Winter Olympics in 1940.^{[citation needed]} Early championships for both ladies and pairs, previously titled merely as the ISU Championships, were retroactively given World Championship status in 1924.^[3]

In the early years, judges were invited by the host country and were often local. At the 1927 ladies' event held in Oslo, three of the five judges were Norwegian. The three Norwegian judges gave first place to Norwegian competitor Sonja Henie, while the Austrian and German judges placed defending champion Herma Szabo first. The controversial result stood, giving Henie her first world title; however following the controversy, the ISU introduced a rule allowing no more than one judge per country on the panel.^[4]

The 1930 championships in New York City combined all three competitions into one event for the first time, and was also the first championships to be held outside Europe.^[3] Ice dancing entered the program officially in 1952,^[3] after having been an unofficial part of the championships since 1936.^{[citation needed]}

Countries were able to have more than three competitors competing in one discipline through 1959, e.g. six skaters represented the United Kingdom in ladies' singles at the 1948 World Championships, while the United States had five skaters in each singles discipline at the 1951 World Championships. In 1960, the number of participants per country was limited to a maximum of three per discipline.

Compulsory figures were removed from the World Championships in 1991.

The 6.0 system was used for judging until the 2004 championships, and the ISU Judging System was used from the 2005 edition onwards.

In the years of the Winter Olympics during the last few decades, when the World Championships are held around a month after the Olympic Games, there have been cases of the large proportion of Olympic medalists not attending. Reasons for forgoing the post-Olympics Worlds have included skaters needing rest for physical and mental exhaustion, and/or Olympic medalists wanting to go professional to cash in on their Games success. The ISU has begun discussing lengthening the time between the Games and the Worlds.^[5]

Cancellations

The World Figure Skating Championships have been cancelled 15 times in its history: from 1915–1921 due to World War I, from 1940–1946 due to World War II, and in 1961 as a result of the loss of the entire American team in the crash of Sabena Flight 548.

The 2011 Championships, originally slated to be held in Tokyo, were initially considered for cancellation following the 2011 Japan earthquake, but were instead moved to Moscow.

Eligibility and qualifying

Skaters may compete at the World Championships if they represent a member nation of the International Skating Union and are selected by their federation. Pair and ice dancing partnerships composed of skaters of different nationalities are not allowed to compete under two flags; they are required to choose one country and obtain the other country's permission.

Member nations select their entries according to their own criteria. Some countries rely on the results of their national championships while others have more varied criteria, which may include success at certain international events or specific technical requirements. All of the selected skaters must meet the ISU's age and TES requirements.

Age eligibility

Since 1996,^[6] skaters must be at least fifteen before July 1 of the previous year. Thus, to compete at the 2010 Worlds, skaters had to be 15 or older before July 1, 2009. A skater must turn 15 before it becomes July 1 in their place of birth – even an hour later is not accepted by the ISU.^[7] The World Junior Championships is the corresponding competition for skaters aged 13 to 19 (or up to 21 for male pair skaters and ice dancers) who are not old enough for senior Worlds or do not qualify. For a few years after the introduction of the 1996 age rules, a loophole existed for underage skaters who had medaled at Junior Worlds.^[8] The loophole was eventually eliminated. A few who had not medaled at Junior Worlds but had competed at senior Worlds before the introduction of the rules, such as Tara Lipinski of the United States, were allowed to continue competing in senior Worlds due to the Grandfather clause.

Minimum technical scores

Since 2010, only skaters who have reached minimum technical elements scores (TES) in the short and free programs at a prior international event are allowed to compete at the World Championships.^[9] The short and free scores may be attained at different international events in the ongoing or preceding season. After an ISU congress voted to eliminate the qualifying rounds, the TES minimums were raised for the 2013 World Championships.

Qualifying rounds

Because of the large number of entries at the World Championships, in some years the event included qualifying rounds for men and ladies. After the 2006 championships in Calgary, Canada, the ISU Congress voted to eliminate the qualifying round. It was later reintroduced and then eliminated again after the 2012 World Championships. After the short program, the top 24 single skaters and top 20 pairs advance to the free skate. In ice dance, the top 30 teams in the compulsory dance advanced to the original dance, and the top 24 after that segment advanced to the free dance.

Number of entries

Each national federation is entitled to send one entry per discipline. Depending on their results at the previous year's competition, some countries are allowed to send a second or third entry. If a country has only one entry, that skater/team must place in the top ten to earn a second entry and in the top two to earn three entries to next year's championships. If a country has two or three entries, their combined placement (best two) must be 28 or less to keep two entries for their country, and 13 or fewer to qualify three entries. All skaters who qualify for the free segment but place 17th or lower receive 16 placement points. All skaters who compete in the short segment but do not qualify for the free receive 18 placement points. Entries do not carry over and so countries must continue to earn their second or third spot every year.

Number of entries this year	To earn 3 entries next year	To earn 2 entries next year
1	Place in the top 2	Place in the top 10
2	Total placements is equal to or less than 13	Total placements is equal to or less than 28
3	Top two placements is equal to or less than 13	Top two placements is equal to or less than 28

There are exceptions^{[clarification needed]} if a skater is forced to withdraw in the middle of the competition due to a medical emergency or equipment problems.

Medalists

Men

Year	Location	Gold	Silver	Bronze
1896	St. Petersburg	Gilbert Fuchs	Gustav Hügel	Georg Sanders
1897	Stockholm	Gustav Hügel	Ulrich Salchow	Johan Lefstad
1898	London	Henning Grenander	Gustav Hügel	Gilbert Fuchs
1899	Davos	Gustav Hügel	Ulrich Salchow	Edgar Syers
1900	Davos	Gustav Hügel	Ulrich Salchow	no other competitors
1901	Stockholm	Ulrich Salchow	Gilbert Fuchs	no other competitors
1902	London	Ulrich Salchow	Madge Syers (woman)	Martin Gordan
1903	St. Petersburg	Ulrich Salchow	Nikolai Panin Kolomenkin	Max Bohatsch
1904	Berlin	Ulrich Salchow	Heinrich Burger	Martin Gordan
1905	Stockholm	Ulrich Salchow	Max Bohatsch	Per Thorén
1906	Munich	Gilbert Fuchs	Heinrich Burger	Bror Meyer
1907	Vienna	Ulrich Salchow	Max Bohatsch	Gilbert Fuchs
1908	Troppau	Ulrich Salchow	Gilbert Fuchs	Heinrich Burger
1909	Stockholm	Ulrich Salchow	Per Thorén	Ernst Herz
1910	Davos	Ulrich Salchow	Werner Rittberger	Andor Szende
1911	Berlin	Ulrich Salchow	Werner Rittberger	Fritz Kachler
1912	Manchester	Fritz Kachler	Werner Rittberger	Andor Szende
1913	Vienna	Fritz Kachler	Willy Böckl	Andor Szende
1914	Helsinki	Gösta Sandahl	Fritz Kachler	Willy Böckl
1915– 1921	Not held because of World War I
1922	Stockholm	Gillis Grafström	Fritz Kachler	Willy Böckl
1923	Vienna	Fritz Kachler	Willy Böckl	Gösta Sandahl
1924	Manchester	Gillis Grafström	Willy Böckl	Ernst Oppacher
1925	Vienna	Willy Böckl	Fritz Kachler	Otto Preißecker
1926	Berlin	Willy Böckl	Otto Preißecker	John Page
1927	Davos	Willy Böckl	Otto Preißecker	Karl Schäfer
1928	Berlin	Willy Böckl	Karl Schäfer	Hugo Distler
1929	London	Gillis Grafström	Karl Schäfer	Ludwig Wrede
1930	New York City	Karl Schäfer	Roger Turner	Georges Gautschi
1931	Berlin	Karl Schäfer	Roger Turner	Ernst Baier
1932	Montreal	Karl Schäfer	Montgomery Wilson	Ernst Baier
1933	Zürich	Karl Schäfer	Ernst Baier	Marcus Nikkanen
1934	Stockholm	Karl Schäfer	Ernst Baier	Erich Erdös
1935	Budapest	Karl Schäfer	Jack Dunn	Dénes Pataky
1936	Paris	Karl Schäfer	Graham Sharp	Felix Kaspar
1937	Vienna	Felix Kaspar	Graham Sharp	Elemér Terták
1938	Berlin	Felix Kaspar	Graham Sharp	Herbert Alward
1939	Budapest	Graham Sharp	Freddie Tomlins	Horst Faber
1940– 1946	Not held because of World War II
1947	Stockholm	Hans Gerschwiler	Dick Button	Arthur Apfel
1948	Davos	Dick Button	Hans Gerschwiler	Ede Király
1949	Paris	Dick Button	Ede Király	Edi Rada
1950	London	Dick Button	Ede Király	Hayes Alan Jenkins
1951	Milan	Dick Button	James Grogan	Helmut Seibt
1952	Paris	Dick Button	James Grogan	Hayes Alan Jenkins
1953	Davos	Hayes Alan Jenkins	James Grogan	Carlo Fassi
1954	Oslo	Hayes Alan Jenkins	James Grogan	Alain Giletti
1955	Vienna	Hayes Alan Jenkins	Ronnie Robertson	David Jenkins
1956	Garmisch-Partenkirchen	Hayes Alan Jenkins	Ronnie Robertson	David Jenkins
1957	Colorado Springs	David Jenkins	Tim Brown	Charles Snelling
1958	Paris	David Jenkins	Tim Brown	Alain Giletti
1959	Colorado Springs	David Jenkins	Donald Jackson	Tim Brown
1960	Vancouver	Alain Giletti	Donald Jackson	Alain Calmat
1961	Event cancelled after the Sabena Flight 548 crash
1962	Prague	Donald Jackson	Karol Divín	Alain Calmat
1963	Cortina d'Ampezzo	Donald McPherson	Alain Calmat	Manfred Schnelldorfer
1964	Dortmund	Manfred Schnelldorfer	Alain Calmat	Karol Divín
1965	Colorado Springs	Alain Calmat	Scott Allen	Donald Knight
1966	Davos	Emmerich Danzer	Wolfgang Schwarz	Gary Visconti
1967	Vienna	Emmerich Danzer	Wolfgang Schwarz	Gary Visconti
1968	Geneva	Emmerich Danzer	Tim Wood	Patrick Péra
1969	Colorado Springs	Tim Wood	Ondrej Nepela	Patrick Péra
1970	Ljubljana	Tim Wood	Ondrej Nepela	Günter Zöller
1971	Lyon	Ondrej Nepela	Patrick Péra	Sergei Chetverukhin
1972	Calgary	Ondrej Nepela	Sergei Chetverukhin	Vladimir Kovalyov
1973	Bratislava	Ondrej Nepela	Sergei Chetverukhin	Jan Hoffmann
1974	Munich	Jan Hoffmann	Sergei Volkov	Toller Cranston
1975	Colorado Springs	Sergei Volkov	Vladimir Kovalyov	John Curry
1976	Gothenburg	John Curry	Vladimir Kovalyov	Jan Hoffmann
1977	Tokyo	Vladimir Kovalyov	Jan Hoffmann	Minoru Sano
1978	Ottawa	Charles Tickner	Jan Hoffmann	Robin Cousins
1979	Vienna	Vladimir Kovalyov	Robin Cousins	Jan Hoffmann
1980	Dortmund	Jan Hoffmann	Robin Cousins	Charles Tickner
1981	Hartford	Scott Hamilton	David Santee	Igor Bobrin
1982	Copenhagen	Scott Hamilton	Norbert Schramm	Brian Pockar
1983	Helsinki	Scott Hamilton	Norbert Schramm	Brian Orser
1984	Ottawa	Scott Hamilton	Brian Orser	Alexander Fadeev
1985	Tokyo	Alexander Fadeev	Brian Orser	Brian Boitano
1986	Geneva	Brian Boitano	Brian Orser	Alexander Fadeev
1987	Cincinnati	Brian Orser	Brian Boitano	Alexander Fadeev
1988	Budapest	Brian Boitano	Brian Orser	Viktor Petrenko
1989	Paris	Kurt Browning	Christopher Bowman	Grzegorz Filipowski
1990	Halifax	Kurt Browning	Viktor Petrenko	Christopher Bowman
1991	Munich	Kurt Browning	Viktor Petrenko	Todd Eldredge
1992	Oakland	Viktor Petrenko	Kurt Browning	Elvis Stojko
1993	Prague	Kurt Browning	Elvis Stojko	Alexei Urmanov
1994	Chiba	Elvis Stojko	Philippe Candeloro	Viacheslav Zagorodniuk
1995	Birmingham	Elvis Stojko	Todd Eldredge	Philippe Candeloro
1996	Edmonton	Todd Eldredge	Ilia Kulik	Rudy Galindo
1997	Lausanne	Elvis Stojko	Todd Eldredge	Alexei Yagudin
1998	Minneapolis	Alexei Yagudin	Todd Eldredge	Evgeni Plushenko
1999	Helsinki	Alexei Yagudin	Evgeni Plushenko	Michael Weiss
2000	Nice	Alexei Yagudin	Elvis Stojko	Michael Weiss
2001	Vancouver	Evgeni Plushenko	Alexei Yagudin	Todd Eldredge
2002	Nagano	Alexei Yagudin	Timothy Goebel	Takeshi Honda
2003	Washington, D.C.	Evgeni Plushenko	Timothy Goebel	Takeshi Honda
2004	Dortmund	Evgeni Plushenko	Brian Joubert	Stefan Lindemann
2005	Moscow	Stéphane Lambiel	Jeffrey Buttle	Evan Lysacek
2006	Calgary	Stéphane Lambiel	Brian Joubert	Evan Lysacek
2007	Tokyo	Brian Joubert	Daisuke Takahashi	Stéphane Lambiel
2008	Gothenburg	Jeffrey Buttle	Brian Joubert	Johnny Weir
2009	Los Angeles	Evan Lysacek	Patrick Chan	Brian Joubert
2010	Turin	Daisuke Takahashi	Patrick Chan	Brian Joubert
2011	Moscow	Patrick Chan	Takahiko Kozuka	Artur Gachinski
2012	Nice	Patrick Chan	Daisuke Takahashi	Yuzuru Hanyu
2013	London	Patrick Chan	Denis Ten	Javier Fernández
2014	Saitama	Yuzuru Hanyu	Tatsuki Machida	Javier Fernández
2015	Shanghai	Javier Fernández	Yuzuru Hanyu	Denis Ten
2016	Boston	Javier Fernández	Yuzuru Hanyu	Jin Boyang
2017	Helsinki	Yuzuru Hanyu	Shoma Uno	Jin Boyang
2018	Milan	Nathan Chen	Shoma Uno	Mikhail Kolyada
2019	Saitama
2020	Montreal
2021	Stockholm

Most Titles

• 
   Gold: (24) , (22) , (15)
  


• 
   Gold: (10) Ulrich Salchow
  


• 
   Silver: (21) , (16) , (13)
  


• 
   Bronze: (18) , (15) , (13) /
  

Ladies

Year	Location	Gold	Silver	Bronze
1906	Davos	Madge Syers	Jenny Herz	Lily Kronberger
1907	Vienna	Madge Syers	Jenny Herz	Lily Kronberger
1908	Troppau	Lily Kronberger	Elsa Rendschmidt	no other competitors
1909	Budapest	Lily Kronberger	no other competitors
1910	Berlin	Lily Kronberger	Elsa Rendschmidt	no other competitors
1911	Vienna	Lily Kronberger	Opika von Méray Horváth	Ludowika Jakobsson-Eilers
1912	Davos	Opika von Méray Horváth	Dorothy Greenhough-Smith	Phyllis Johnson
1913	Stockholm	Opika von Méray Horváth	Phyllis Johnson	Svea Norén
1914	St. Moritz	Opika von Méray Horváth	Angela Hanka	Phyllis Johnson
1915– 1921	Not held because of World War I
1922	Stockholm	Herma Szabo	Svea Norén	Margot Moe
1923	Vienna	Herma Szabo	Gisela Reichmann	Svea Norén
1924	Oslo	Herma Szabo	Ellen Brockhöft	Beatrix Loughran
1925	Davos	Herma Szabo	Ellen Brockhöft	Elisabeth Böckel
1926	Stockholm	Herma Szabo	Sonja Henie	Kathleen Shaw
1927	Oslo	Sonja Henie	Herma Szabo	Karen Simensen
1928	London	Sonja Henie	Maribel Vinson	Fritzi Burger
1929	Budapest	Sonja Henie	Fritzi Burger	Melitta Brunner
1930	New York City	Sonja Henie	Cecil Smith	Maribel Vinson
1931	Berlin	Sonja Henie	Hilde Holovsky	Fritzi Burger
1932	Montreal	Sonja Henie	Fritzi Burger	Constance Wilson-Samuel
1933	Stockholm	Sonja Henie	Vivi-Anne Hultén	Hilde Holovsky
1934	Oslo	Sonja Henie	Megan Taylor	Liselotte Landbeck
1935	Vienna	Sonja Henie	Cecilia Colledge	Vivi-Anne Hultén
1936	Paris	Sonja Henie	Megan Taylor	Vivi-Anne Hultén
1937	London	Cecilia Colledge	Megan Taylor	Vivi-Anne Hultén
1938	Stockholm	Megan Taylor	Cecilia Colledge	Hedy Stenuf
1939	Prague	Megan Taylor	Hedy Stenuf	Daphne Walker
1940– 1946	Not held due to World War II
1947	Stockholm	Barbara Ann Scott	Daphne Walker	Gretchen Merrill
1948	Davos	Barbara Ann Scott	Eva Pawlik	Jiřína Nekolová
1949	Paris	Alena Vrzáňová	Yvonne Sherman	Jeannette Altwegg
1950	London	Alena Vrzáňová	Jeannette Altwegg	Yvonne Sherman
1951	Milan	Jeannette Altwegg	Jacqueline du Bief	Sonya Klopfer
1952	Paris	Jacqueline du Bief	Sonya Klopfer	Virginia Baxter
1953	Davos	Tenley Albright	Gundi Busch	Valda Osborn
1954	Oslo	Gundi Busch	Tenley Albright	Erica Batchelor
1955	Vienna	Tenley Albright	Carol Heiss	Hanna Eigel
1956	Garmisch-Partenkirchen	Carol Heiss	Tenley Albright	Ingrid Wendl
1957	Colorado Springs	Carol Heiss	Hanna Eigel	Ingrid Wendl
1958	Paris	Carol Heiss	Ingrid Wendl	Hanna Walter
1959	Colorado Springs	Carol Heiss	Hanna Walter	Sjoukje Dijkstra
1960	Vancouver	Carol Heiss	Sjoukje Dijkstra	Barbara Ann Roles
1961	Event cancelled after the Sabena Flight 548 crash
1962	Prague	Sjoukje Dijkstra	Wendy Griner	Regine Heitzer
1963	Cortina d'Ampezzo	Sjoukje Dijkstra	Regine Heitzer	Nicole Hassler
1964	Dortmund	Sjoukje Dijkstra	Regine Heitzer	Petra Burka
1965	Colorado Springs	Petra Burka	Regine Heitzer	Peggy Fleming
1966	Davos	Peggy Fleming	Gabriele Seyfert	Petra Burka
1967	Vienna	Peggy Fleming	Gabriele Seyfert	Hana Mašková
1968	Geneva	Peggy Fleming	Gabriele Seyfert	Hana Mašková
1969	Colorado Springs	Gabriele Seyfert	Trixi Schuba	Zsuzsa Almássy
1970	Ljubljana	Gabriele Seyfert	Trixi Schuba	Julie Lynn Holmes
1971	Lyon	Trixi Schuba	Julie Lynn Holmes	Karen Magnussen
1972	Calgary	Trixi Schuba	Karen Magnussen	Janet Lynn
1973	Bratislava	Karen Magnussen	Janet Lynn	Christine Errath
1974	Munich	Christine Errath	Dorothy Hamill	Dianne de Leeuw
1975	Colorado Springs	Dianne de Leeuw	Dorothy Hamill	Christine Errath
1976	Gothenburg	Dorothy Hamill	Christine Errath	Dianne de Leeuw
1977	Tokyo	Linda Fratianne	Anett Pötzsch	Dagmar Lurz
1978	Ottawa	Anett Pötzsch	Linda Fratianne	Susanna Driano
1979	Vienna	Linda Fratianne	Anett Pötzsch	Emi Watanabe
1980	Dortmund	Anett Pötzsch	Dagmar Lurz	Linda Fratianne
1981	Hartford	Denise Biellmann	Elaine Zayak	Claudia Kristofics-Binder
1982	Copenhagen	Elaine Zayak	Katarina Witt	Claudia Kristofics-Binder
1983	Helsinki	Rosalynn Sumners	Claudia Leistner	Elena Vodorezova
1984	Ottawa	Katarina Witt	Anna Kondrashova	Elaine Zayak
1985	Tokyo	Katarina Witt	Kira Ivanova	Tiffany Chin
1986	Geneva	Debi Thomas	Katarina Witt	Tiffany Chin
1987	Cincinnati	Katarina Witt	Debi Thomas	Caryn Kadavy
1988	Budapest	Katarina Witt	Elizabeth Manley	Debi Thomas
1989	Paris	Midori Ito	Claudia Leistner	Jill Trenary
1990	Halifax	Jill Trenary	Midori Ito	Holly Cook
1991	Munich	Kristi Yamaguchi	Tonya Harding	Nancy Kerrigan
1992	Oakland	Kristi Yamaguchi	Nancy Kerrigan	Chen Lu
1993	Prague	Oksana Baiul	Surya Bonaly	Chen Lu
1994	Chiba	Yuka Sato	Surya Bonaly	Tanja Szewczenko
1995	Birmingham	Chen Lu	Surya Bonaly	Nicole Bobek
1996	Edmonton	Michelle Kwan	Chen Lu	Irina Slutskaya
1997	Lausanne	Tara Lipinski	Michelle Kwan	Vanessa Gusmeroli
1998	Minneapolis	Michelle Kwan	Irina Slutskaya	Maria Butyrskaya
1999	Helsinki	Maria Butyrskaya	Michelle Kwan	Julia Soldatova
2000	Nice	Michelle Kwan	Irina Slutskaya	Maria Butyrskaya
2001	Vancouver	Michelle Kwan	Irina Slutskaya	Sarah Hughes
2002	Nagano	Irina Slutskaya	Michelle Kwan	Fumie Suguri
2003	Washington, D.C.	Michelle Kwan	Elena Sokolova	Fumie Suguri
2004	Dortmund	Shizuka Arakawa	Sasha Cohen	Michelle Kwan
2005	Moscow	Irina Slutskaya	Sasha Cohen	Carolina Kostner
2006	Calgary	Kimmie Meissner	Fumie Suguri	Sasha Cohen
2007	Tokyo	Miki Ando	Mao Asada	Yuna Kim
2008	Gothenburg	Mao Asada	Carolina Kostner	Yuna Kim
2009	Los Angeles	Yuna Kim	Joannie Rochette	Miki Ando
2010	Turin	Mao Asada	Yuna Kim	Laura Lepistö
2011	Moscow	Miki Ando	Yuna Kim	Carolina Kostner
2012	Nice	Carolina Kostner	Alena Leonova	Akiko Suzuki
2013	London	Yuna Kim	Carolina Kostner	Mao Asada
2014	Saitama	Mao Asada	Yulia Lipnitskaya	Carolina Kostner
2015	Shanghai	Elizaveta Tuktamysheva	Satoko Miyahara	Elena Radionova
2016	Boston	Evgenia Medvedeva	Ashley Wagner	Anna Pogorilaya
2017	Helsinki	Evgenia Medvedeva	Kaetlyn Osmond	Gabrielle Daleman
2018	Milan	Kaetlyn Osmond	Wakaba Higuchi	Satoko Miyahara
2019	Saitama
2020	Montreal
2021	Stockholm

Most Titles

• 
   Gold: (26) , (10) , (9)
  


• 
   Gold: (10) Sonja Henie
  


• 
   Silver: (22) , (17) , (9)
  


• 
   Bronze: (24) , (12) , (7) , , /
  

Pairs

Year	Location	Gold	Silver	Bronze
1908	St. Petersburg	Anna Hübler / Heinrich Burger	Phyllis Johnson / James H. Johnson	Lidia Popova / Alexander L. Fischer
1909	Stockholm	Phyllis Johnson / James H. Johnson	Valborg Lindahl / Nils Rosenius	Gertrud Ström / Richard Johansson
1910	Berlin	Anna Hübler / Heinrich Burger	Ludowika Eilers / Walter Jakobsson	Phyllis Johnson / James H. Johnson
1911	Vienna	Ludowika Eilers / Walter Jakobsson	no other competitors
1912	Manchester	Phyllis Johnson / James H. Johnson	Ludowika Jakobsson-Eilers / Walter Jakobsson	Alexia Schøien / Yngvar Bryn
1913	Stockholm	Helene Engelmann / Karl Mejstrik	Ludowika Jakobsson-Eilers / Walter Jakobsson	Christa von Szabó / Leo Horwitz
1914	St. Moritz	Ludowika Jakobsson-Eilers / Walter Jakobsson	Helene Engelmann / Karl Mejstrik	Christa von Szabó / Leo Horwitz
1915– 1921	Not held due to World War I
1922	Davos	Helene Engelmann / Alfred Berger	Ludowika Jakobsson-Eilers / Walter Jakobsson	Margaret Metzner / Paul Metzner
1923	Oslo	Ludowika Jakobsson-Eilers / Walter Jakobsson	Alexia Bryn-Schøien / Yngvar Bryn	Elna Henrikson / Kaj af Ekström
1924	Manchester	Helene Engelmann / Alfred Berger	Ethel Muckelt / John F. Page	Elna Henrikson / Kaj af Ekström
1925	Vienna	Herma Szabo / Ludwig Wrede	Andreé Joly-Brunet / Pierre Brunet	Lilly Scholz / Otto Kaiser
1926	Berlin	Andreé Joly / Pierre Brunet	Lilly Scholz / Otto Kaiser	Herma Szabo / Ludwig Wrede
1927	Vienna	Herma Szabo / Ludwig Wrede	Lilly Scholz / Otto Kaiser	Else Hoppe / Oscar Hoppe
1928	London	Andreé Joly / Pierre Brunet	Lilly Scholz / Otto Kaiser	Melitta Brunner / Ludwig Wrede
1929	Budapest	Lilly Scholz / Otto Kaiser	Melitta Brunner / Ludwig Wrede	Olga Orgonista / Sándor Szalay
1930	New York City	Andreé Joly-Brunet / Pierre Brunet	Melitta Brunner / Ludwig Wrede	Beatrix Loughran / Sherwin Badger
1931	Berlin	Emília Rotter / László Szollás	Olga Orgonista / Sándor Szalay	Idi Papez / Karl Zwack
1932	Montreal	Andreé Joly-Brunet / Pierre Brunet	Emília Rotter / László Szollás	Beatrix Loughran / Sherwin Badger
1933	Stockholm	Emília Rotter / László Szollás	Idi Papez / Karl Zwack	Randi Bakke-Gjertsen / Christen Christensen
1934	Helsinki	Emília Rotter / László Szollás	Idi Papez / Karl Zwack	Maxi Herber / Ernst Baier
1935	Budapest	Emília Rotter / László Szollás	Ilse Pausin / Erich Pausin	Lucy Gallo / Rezso Dillinger
1936	Paris	Maxi Herber / Ernst Baier	Ilse Pausin / Erich Pausin	Violet Cliff / Leslie Cliff
1937	London	Maxi Herber / Ernst Baier	Ilse Pausin / Erich Pausin	Violet Cliff / Leslie Cliff
1938	Berlin	Maxi Herber / Ernst Baier	Ilse Pausin / Erich Pausin	Inge Koch / Gunther Noack
1939	Budapest	Maxi Herber / Ernst Baier	Ilse Pausin / Erich Pausin	Inge Koch / Gunther Noack
1940– 1946	Not held due to World War II
1947	Stockholm	Micheline Lannoy / Pierre Baugniet	Karol Kennedy / Peter Kennedy	Suzanne Diskeuve / Edmond Verbustel
1948	Davos	Micheline Lannoy / Pierre Baugniet	Andrea Kékesy / Ede Király	Suzanne Morrow / Wallace Diestelmeyer
1949	Paris	Andrea Kékesy / Ede Király	Karol Kennedy / Peter Kennedy	Ann Davies / Carleton Hoffner
1950	London	Karol Kennedy / Peter Kennedy	Jennifer Nicks / John Nicks	Marianna Nagy / László Nagy
1951	Milan	Ria Baran / Paul Falk	Karol Kennedy / Peter Kennedy	Jennifer Nicks / John Nicks
1952	Paris	Ria Baran / Paul Falk	Karol Kennedy / Peter Kennedy	Jennifer Nicks / John Nicks
1953	Davos	Jennifer Nicks / John Nicks	Frances Dafoe / Norris Bowden	Marianna Nagy / László Nagy
1954	Oslo	Frances Dafoe / Norris Bowden	Silvia Grandjean / Michel Grandjean	Sissy Schwarz / Kurt Oppelt
1955	Vienna	Frances Dafoe / Norris Bowden	Sissy Schwarz / Kurt Oppelt	Marianna Nagy / László Nagy
1956	Garmisch-Partenkirchen	Sissy Schwarz / Kurt Oppelt	Frances Dafoe / Norris Bowden	Marika Kilius / Franz Ningel
1957	Colorado Springs	Barbara Wagner / Robert Paul	Marika Kilius / Franz Ningel	Maria Jelinek / Otto Jelinek
1958	Paris	Barbara Wagner / Robert Paul	Věra Suchánková / Zdeněk Doležal	Maria Jelinek / Otto Jelinek
1959	Colorado Springs	Barbara Wagner / Robert Paul	Marika Kilius / Hans-Jürgen Bäumler	Nancy Ludington / Ronald Ludington
1960	Vancouver	Barbara Wagner / Robert Paul	Maria Jelinek / Otto Jelinek	Marika Kilius / Hans-Jürgen Bäumler
1961	Event cancelled after the Sabena Flight 548 crash
1962	Prague	Maria Jelinek / Otto Jelinek	Liudmila Belousova / Oleg Protopopov	Margret Göbl / Franz Ningel
1963	Cortina d'Ampezzo	Marika Kilius / Hans-Jürgen Bäumler	Liudmila Belousova / Oleg Protopopov	Tatiana Zhuk / Alexander Gavrilov
1964	Dortmund	Marika Kilius / Hans-Jürgen Bäumler	Liudmila Belousova / Oleg Protopopov	Debbi Wilkes / Guy Revell
1965	Colorado Springs	Liudmila Belousova / Oleg Protopopov	Vivian Joseph / Ronald Joseph	Tatiana Zhuk / Alexander Gorelik
1966	Davos	Liudmila Belousova / Oleg Protopopov	Tatiana Zhuk / Alexander Gorelik	Cynthia Kauffman / Ronald Kauffman
1967	Vienna	Liudmila Belousova / Oleg Protopopov	Margot Glockshuber / Wolfgang Danne	Cynthia Kauffman / Ronald Kauffman
1968	Geneva	Liudmila Belousova / Oleg Protopopov	Tatiana Zhuk / Alexander Gorelik	Cynthia Kauffman / Ronald Kauffman
1969	Colorado Springs	Irina Rodnina / Alexei Ulanov	Tamara Moskvina / Alexei Mishin	Liudmila Belousova / Oleg Protopopov
1970	Ljubljana	Irina Rodnina / Alexei Ulanov	Liudmila Smirnova / Andrei Suraikin	Heidemarie Steiner / Heinz-Ulrich Walther
1971	Lyon	Irina Rodnina / Alexei Ulanov	Liudmila Smirnova / Andrei Suraikin	JoJo Starbuck / Kenneth Shelley
1972	Calgary	Irina Rodnina / Alexei Ulanov	Liudmila Smirnova / Andrei Suraikin	JoJo Starbuck / Kenneth Shelley
1973	Bratislava	Irina Rodnina / Alexander Zaitsev	Liudmila Smirnova / Alexei Ulanov	Manuela Groß / Uwe Kagelmann
1974	Munich	Irina Rodnina / Alexander Zaitsev	Liudmila Smirnova / Alexei Ulanov	Romy Kermer / Rolf Österreich
1975	Colorado Springs	Irina Rodnina / Alexander Zaitsev	Romy Kermer / Rolf Österreich	Manuela Groß / Uwe Kagelmann
1976	Gothenburg	Irina Rodnina / Alexander Zaitsev	Romy Kermer / Rolf Österreich	Irina Vorobieva / Alexander Vlasov
1977	Tokyo	Irina Rodnina / Alexander Zaitsev	Irina Vorobieva / Alexander Vlasov	Tai Babilonia / Randy Gardner
1978	Ottawa	Irina Rodnina / Alexander Zaitsev	Manuela Mager / Uwe Bewersdorf	Tai Babilonia / Randy Gardner
1979	Vienna	Tai Babilonia / Randy Gardner	Marina Cherkasova / Sergei Shakhrai	Sabine Baeß / Tassilo Thierbach
1980	Dortmund	Marina Cherkasova / Sergei Shakhrai	Manuela Mager / Uwe Bewersdorf	Marina Pestova / Stanislav Leonovich
1981	Hartford	Irina Vorobieva / Igor Lisovski	Sabine Baeß / Tassilo Thierbach	Christina Riegel / Andreas Nischwitz
1982	Copenhagen	Sabine Baeß / Tassilo Thierbach	Marina Pestova / Stanislav Leonovich	Caitlin Carruthers / Peter Carruthers
1983	Helsinki	Elena Valova / Oleg Vasiliev	Sabine Baeß / Tassilo Thierbach	Barbara Underhill / Paul Martini
1984	Ottawa	Barbara Underhill / Paul Martini	Elena Valova / Oleg Vasiliev	Sabine Baeß / Tassilo Thierbach
1985	Tokyo	Elena Valova / Oleg Vasiliev	Larisa Selezneva / Oleg Makarov	Katherina Matousek / Lloyd Eisler
1986	Geneva	Ekaterina Gordeeva / Sergei Grinkov	Elena Valova / Oleg Vasiliev	Cynthia Coull / Mark Rowsom
1987	Cincinnati	Ekaterina Gordeeva / Sergei Grinkov	Elena Valova / Oleg Vasiliev	Jill Watson / Peter Oppegard
1988	Budapest	Elena Valova / Oleg Vasiliev	Ekaterina Gordeeva / Sergei Grinkov	Larisa Selezneva / Oleg Makarov
1989	Paris	Ekaterina Gordeeva / Sergei Grinkov	Cindy Landry / Lyndon Johnston	Elena Bechke / Denis Petrov
1990	Halifax	Ekaterina Gordeeva / Sergei Grinkov	Isabelle Brasseur / Lloyd Eisler	Natalia Mishkutenok / Artur Dmitriev
1991	Munich	Natalia Mishkutenok / Artur Dmitriev	Isabelle Brasseur / Lloyd Eisler	Natasha Kuchiki / Todd Sand
1992	Oakland	Natalia Mishkutenok / Artur Dmitriev	Radka Kovaříková / René Novotný	Isabelle Brasseur / Lloyd Eisler
1993	Prague	Isabelle Brasseur / Lloyd Eisler	Mandy Wötzel / Ingo Steuer	Evgenia Shishkova / Vadim Naumov
1994	Chiba	Evgenia Shishkova / Vadim Naumov	Isabelle Brasseur / Lloyd Eisler	Marina Eltsova / Andrei Bushkov
1995	Birmingham	Radka Kovaříková / René Novotný	Evgenia Shishkova / Vadim Naumov	Jenni Meno / Todd Sand
1996	Edmonton	Marina Eltsova / Andrei Bushkov	Mandy Wötzel / Ingo Steuer	Jenni Meno / Todd Sand
1997	Lausanne	Mandy Wötzel / Ingo Steuer	Marina Eltsova / Andrei Bushkov	Oksana Kazakova / Artur Dmitriev
1998	Minneapolis	Elena Berezhnaya / Anton Sikharulidze	Jenni Meno / Todd Sand	Peggy Schwarz / Mirko Müller
1999	Helsinki	Elena Berezhnaya / Anton Sikharulidze	Shen Xue / Zhao Hongbo	Dorota Zagórska / Mariusz Siudek
2000	Nice	Maria Petrova / Alexei Tikhonov	Shen Xue / Zhao Hongbo	Sarah Abitbol / Stéphane Bernadis
2001	Vancouver	Jamie Salé / David Pelletier	Elena Berezhnaya / Anton Sikharulidze	Shen Xue / Zhao Hongbo
2002	Nagano	Shen Xue / Zhao Hongbo	Tatiana Totmianina / Maxim Marinin	Kyoko Ina / John Zimmerman
2003	Washington D.C.	Shen Xue / Zhao Hongbo	Tatiana Totmianina / Maxim Marinin	Maria Petrova / Alexei Tikhonov
2004	Dortmund	Tatiana Totmianina / Maxim Marinin	Shen Xue / Zhao Hongbo	Pang Qing / Tong Jian
2005	Moscow	Tatiana Totmianina / Maxim Marinin	Maria Petrova / Alexei Tikhonov	Zhang Dan / Zhang Hao
2006	Calgary	Pang Qing / Tong Jian	Zhang Dan / Zhang Hao	Maria Petrova / Alexei Tikhonov
2007	Tokyo	Shen Xue / Zhao Hongbo	Pang Qing / Tong Jian	Aliona Savchenko / Robin Szolkowy
2008	Gothenburg	Aliona Savchenko / Robin Szolkowy	Zhang Dan / Zhang Hao	Jessica Dubé / Bryce Davison
2009	Los Angeles	Aliona Savchenko / Robin Szolkowy	Zhang Dan / Zhang Hao	Yuko Kavaguti / Alexander Smirnov
2010	Turin	Pang Qing / Tong Jian	Aliona Savchenko / Robin Szolkowy	Yuko Kavaguti / Alexander Smirnov
2011	Moscow	Aliona Savchenko / Robin Szolkowy	Tatiana Volosozhar / Maxim Trankov	Pang Qing / Tong Jian
2012	Nice	Aliona Savchenko / Robin Szolkowy	Tatiana Volosozhar / Maxim Trankov	Narumi Takahashi / Mervin Tran
2013	London	Tatiana Volosozhar / Maxim Trankov	Aliona Savchenko / Robin Szolkowy	Meagan Duhamel / Eric Radford
2014	Saitama	Aliona Savchenko / Robin Szolkowy	Ksenia Stolbova / Fedor Klimov	Meagan Duhamel / Eric Radford
2015	Shanghai	Meagan Duhamel / Eric Radford	Sui Wenjing / Han Cong	Pang Qing / Tong Jian
2016	Boston	Meagan Duhamel / Eric Radford	Sui Wenjing / Han Cong	Aliona Savchenko / Bruno Massot
2017	Helsinki	Sui Wenjing / Han Cong	Aliona Savchenko / Bruno Massot	Evgenia Tarasova / Vladimir Morozov
2018	Milan	Aliona Savchenko / Bruno Massot	Evgenia Tarasova / Vladimir Morozov	Vanessa James / Morgan Ciprès
2019	Saitama
2020	Montreal
2021	Stockholm