Odtnhj

Trabzon Province Trabzon ili
Province of Turkey
Location of Trabzon Province in Turkey
Country	Turkey
Region	East Black Sea
Subregion	Trabzon
Government
• Electoral district	Trabzon
Area
• Total	6,685 km2 (2,581 sq mi)
Population (2010)[1]
• Total	779,379
• Density	120/km2 (300/sq mi)
Area code(s)	0462
Vehicle registration	61

Trabzon Province (Turkish: Trabzon ili) is a province of Turkey on the Black Sea coast. Located in a strategically important region, Trabzon is one of the oldest trade port cities in Anatolia. Neighbouring provinces are Giresun to the west, Gümüşhane to the southwest, Bayburt to the southeast and Rize to the east. The provincial capital is Trabzon city, and the traffic code is 61. The major ethnic groups are Turks, but the province is also home to a minority of Muslim Pontic Greek speakers,^[2] though younger speakers are not always fluent in this language.

Districts

Trabzon province is divided into 18 districts:

• 
  Trabzon (Central district, after 2014 it will be named Ortahisar)

Districts along the 114 km coastline (from West to East): Beşikdüzü, Vakfıkebir, Çarşıbaşı, Akçaabat, Yomra, Arsin, Araklı, Sürmene and Of.^[3]

Districts inland: Tonya, Düzköy, Şalpazarı, Maçka, Köprübaşı, Dernekpazarı, Hayrat and Çaykara.

Beşikdüzü and Şalpazarı gained district status in 1988, Çarşıbaşı, Düzköy, Köprübaşı, Dernekpazarı and Hayrat in 1990.

History

Sümela Monastery in the Pontic Mountains, near Maçka

A traditional rural Pontic house in Livera village, Maçka district

Uzungöl village and lake in Çaykara

Another village in Çaykara

A traditional house in Çaykara

Remarkably attractive throughout its history, Trabzon was the subject of hundreds of travel books by western travellers, some of whom had named it "city of tale in the East" The capital city Trabzon was founded, as Trapezus, by Greek colonists from Sinope, modern Sinop, Turkey. Starting from the 9th century BC, the city had also been mentioned by historians such as Homeros, Herodotus, Hesiodos. The first written source regarding Trabzon is Anabasis, authored by Xenophon. An important Roman and Byzantine centre, it was the capital of the Empire of Trebizond from 1204 to 1461. Trabzon was subsequently made part of the Ottoman Empire by Mehmet the Conqueror. It was initially a sanjak before gaining the status of eyalet, and finally became a vilayet in 1868. After the region was conquered in 1461, the Fatih Medrese (1462), Hatuniye Medrese (1515), İskender Pasha Medrese (1529) and Hamza Pasha Medrese (1543) were established as important medreses (educational centers; some of them within külliye complexes) of the period.^[4]

The province was a site of major fighting between Ottoman and Russian forces during the Caucasus Campaign of World War I, which resulted in the capture of the city of Trabzon by the Russian army under command of Grand Duke Nicholas and Nikolai Yudenich in April 1916. The province was restored to Turkish control in early 1918 following Russia's exit from World War I with the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.

Attractions

• Hagia Sophia of Trabzon


• Trabzon Castle


• Kalepark


• Sümela Monastery


• Kuştul Monastery


• Kaymaklı Monastery


• Vazelon Monastery


• Kızlar Monastery


• Fatih Mosque


• Yeni Cuma Mosque


• Nakip Mosque


• İskender Pasha Mosque


• Lake Uzungöl


• Pontic Mountains

Demographics

• 2000 - 979,081


• 1997 - 858,687


• 1990 - 795,849


• 1985 - 786,194


• 1980 - 731,045


• 1975 - 719,008


• 1970 - 659,120


• 1965 - 595,782


• 1960 - 532,999


• 1955 - 462,249


• 1950 - 420,279


• 1945 - 395,733


• 1940 - 390,733


• 1935 - 360,679


• 1927 - 290,303

See also

• World Trade Center Trabzon


• Trabzon Museum


• Trabzon


• Chepni


• Pontic Greeks


• Kadirga Festival


• Araklı

References

External links

• Governorate of Trabzon


• Municipality of Trabzon


• Trabzonspor S.K.


• Culture of the Black Sea Region


• All about Trabzon


• Trabzon Real Estate

Coordinates: 40°46′50″N 39°48′44″E / 40.78056°N 39.81222°E / 40.78056; 39.81222