List of Indian independence activists
This is a listing of people who campaigned against or are considered to have campaigned against colonial rule on the Indian sub-continent.
The Indian independence movement consisted of efforts by individuals and organizations from a wide spectrum of philosophies to obtain political independence from British, French and Portuguese rule through the use of a variety of methods.
Post-Independence, "Freedom fighter" is an officially recognised category by the Indian government covering those who took part in the movement; people in this category (can also include dependant family members)[1] get pensions and other benefits like special railway counters.[2]
Activists
| Name | Birth | Death | Activity |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maveeran Alagumuthu Kone | 1710 | 1759 | was an early freedom fighter against the British presence in South India. He was born in Kattalankulam village in Tirunelveli district. He became a military leader in the town of Ettayapuram,and was defeated in battle there against the British forces and executed in 1759. |
| Siraj ud-Daulah | 1733 | 1757 | Fought against British troops on Battle of Plassey in 1757. He was the last independent Nawab of Bengal under Indian Mughal Empire. The end of his reign marked the start of British East India Company rule over Bengal, later India with almost all of the Indian subcontinent. |
| Tirot Sing | 1802 | 1835 | Fought against British attempt to take over the Khasi Hills. |
| Maruthanayagam | 1725 | 1764 | Fought with British troops on Madurai Fort in 1764. |
| Puli Thevar | 1715 | 1767 | Involved in a vendetta with the Nawab of Arcot who was supported by the British. Later rebelled against the British in the late 1750s and early 1760s. |
| Rani Velu Nachiyar | 1730 | 1796 | Was a queen of Sivaganga estate from c. 1780–1790. She was the first queen to fight against the British and won the war and retained the land from the British in 1757. Moreover, she pardoned the British general and made him to run to save his life. |
| Veerapandiya Kattabomman | 1760 | 1799 | 18th-century Palayakarrar and chieftain from Panchalankurichi in Tamil Nadu. He refused to accept the sovereignty of the British East India Company and waged a war against them. He was captured by the British and was hanged at Kayathar on 16 October 1799. |
| Maruthu Pandiyar | 1748 & 1753 | 1801 | First to issue a proclamation of independence from the colonial British rule from Trichy Thiruvarangam Temple, Tamil Nadu. |
| Dheeran Chinnamalai | 1756 | 1805 | Dheeran Chinnamalai was one of the main commanders in the Polygar Wars in western Tamilnadu. Chinnamalai engaged in guerrilla warfare and defeated the British in battles at Cauvery in 1801, Odanilai in 1802 and Arachalur in 1804. |
| Ahmadullah Shah | 1787 | 1857 | Leader of various battles for freedom like Battle of Chinhat, Siege of Lucknow, Capture of Lucknow, Chapati Movement. |
| Mangal Pandey | 1827 | 1857 | Early martyr of Indian rebellion. Pandey was a soldier of the British Indian army, but rebelled against it. He was executed on 8 April 1857 in Barrackpore. |
| V. O. Chidambaram Pillai | 1872 | 1936 | He launched the first indigenous Indian shipping service between Tuticorin and Colombo with the Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company, competing against British ships. |
| Subramania Bharati | 1882 | 1921 | Wrote many fiery songs kindling patriotism and nationalism during Indian Independence movement. |
| Alluri Sitarama Raju | 1897 | 1924 | Leader of the Rampa Rebellion of 1922–1924. |
| Bhagat Singh | 1907 | 1931 | Worked with several revolutionary organisations and became prominent in the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA). |
| Aruna Asaf Ali | 1909 | 1996 | She is widely remembered for hoisting the Indian National Congress flag at the Gowalia Tank maidan in Bombay during the Quit India Movement, 1942. |
| Shambhu Dutt Sharma | 1918 | 2016 | Joined Quit India movement in 1942. Hon. General Secretary of GSB (Gandhian Satyagraha Brigade). Founder of Transparency International India. Sharma's team was known as Gandhian Seva Brigade. |
| Tanguturi Prakasam | 1872 | 1957 | Pantulu was an Indian politician and freedom fighter, chief minister of the Madras Presidency, and subsequently became the first chief minister of the new Andhra state, created by the partition of Madras State along linguistic lines. He was also known as Andhra Kesari (Lion of Andhra). The Andhra Pradesh government declared his birth anniversary a state festival. |
| Khudiram Bose | 1889 | 1908 | Bose planted bombs near British government officials and police stations. Due to his activities against the British, he was arrested and hanged. At the time of his hanging, he was 18 years, 8 months 8 days old, making him one of the youngest revolutionaries in India. |
| Chandra Shekhar Azad | 1906 | 1931 | Azad ("The Free"), was an Indian revolutionary who reorganised the Hindustan Republican Association under its new name of Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) after the death of its founder, Ram Prasad Bismil, and three other prominent party leaders, Roshan Singh, Rajendra Nath Lahiri and Ashfaqulla Khan. |
| Chittaranjan Das | 1869 | 1925 | Das founded the Swaraj party in Bengal, became leader in Non-cooperation Movement in Bengal. |
| Komaram Bheem | 1901 | 1940 | Bheem was a tribal leader who fought against the Asaf Jahi Dynasty for the liberation of Hyderabad. Komaram Bheem openly fought against the ruling Nizam government in a guerrilla campaign. He defied courts, laws, and any other form of Nizam authority, living off the sustenance of the forest. He took up arms against Nizam Nawab's soldiers, and fought Babi Jhari until his last breath. |
| Ram Prasad Bismil | 1897 | 1927 | Kakori conspiracy |
| Udham Singh | 1899 | 1940 | Shooting in Caxton Hall. |
| Hemu Kalani | 1923 | 1943 | Sabotage of railway track. |
| Ashfaqulla Khan | 1900 | 1927 | Kakori conspiracy |
| Sachindra Bakshi | 1904 | 1984 | Kakori conspiracy |
| Manmath Nath Gupta | 1908 | 2000 | Kakori conspiracy |
| Vasudev Balwant Phadke | 1845 | 1883 | Deccan Rebellion |
| Matangini Hazra | 1870 | 1942 | Active member of Quit India Movement, shot dead by British at the age of 71. |
| Anant Laxman Kanhere | 1891 | 1910 | Shooting of British officer Jackson. |
| Vanchinathan | 1886 | 1911 | Shooting of British Collector/District Magistrate Robert William Escourt Ashe. |
| Krishnaji Gopal Karve | 1887 | 1910 | Shooting of British officer Jackson. |
| Ganesh Damodar Savarkar | 1879 | 1945 | Armed movement against the British. |
| Vinayak Damodar Savarkar | 1883 | 1966 | Father of Hindu Nationalism, was jailed at Cellular Jail in 1911. |
| Bagha Jatin | 1879 | 1915 | The Howrah-Sibpur conspiracy case, Indo-German Conspiracy. |
| Batukeshwar Dutt | 1910 | 1965 | Central Assembly Bomb Case 1929. |
| Sukhdev Thapar | 1907 | 1931 | Central Assembly Bomb Case 1929 |
| Shivaram Rajguru | 1908 | 1931 | Murder of a British police officer J. P. Saunders. |
| Roshan Singh | 1892 | 1927 | Kakori conspiracy, Bamrauli Action |
| Pritilata Waddedar | 1911 | 1932 | Pahartali European Club attack |
| Jatindra Nath Das | 1904 | 1929 | Hunger strike and Lahore conspiracy case |
| Durgawati Devi | 1907 | 1999 | Running the bomb factory. |
| Bhagwati Charan Vohra | 1904 | 1930 | Philosophy of the Bomb |
| Madan Lal Dhingra | 1883 | 1909 | Assassination of Curzon Wyllie. |
| Alluri Sitarama Raju | 1897 | 1924 | Rampa Rebellion of 1922 |
| Kushal Konwar | 1905 | 1943 | Train sabotage at Sarupathar. |
| Surya Sen | 1894 | 1934 | President of Indian National Congress Chittagong Branch, mastermind of Chittagong armoury raid. |
| Ananta Singh | 1903 | 1979 | Chittagong armoury raid |
| Ganesh Ghosh | 1900 | 1994 | Chittagong armoury raid |
| Sri Aurobindo | 1872 | 1950 | Alipore bomb case |
| Rash Behari Bose | 1886 | 1945 | Indian National Army |
| Ubaidullah Sindhi | 1872 | 1944 | Silk Letter Conspiracy |
| Lokenath Bal | 1908 | 1964 | Chittagong armoury raid |
| Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee | 1895 | 1969 | Kakori conspiracy |
| Baikuntha Shukla | 1907 | 1934 | Assassination of Phanindra Nath Ghosh, a British government approver. |
| Ambika Chakrabarty | 1892 | 1962 | Chittagong armoury raid |
| Badal Gupta | 1912 | 1930 | Attack at Writers Building |
| Dinesh Gupta | 1911 | 1931 | Attack at Writers Building |
| Benoy Basu | 1908 | 1930 | Attack at Writers Building |
| Rajendra Lahiri | 1901 | 1927 | Kakori conspiracy |
| Barindra Kumar Ghosh | 1880 | 1959 | Alipore bomb case |
| Prafulla Chaki | 1888 | 1908 | The Muzaffarpur killing. |
| Ullaskar Dutta | 1885 | 1965 | Alipore bomb case |
| Bhupendra Kumar Datta | 1892 | 1979 | Member of Anushilan Samiti. |
| Ramesh Chandra Jha | 1925 | 1994 | Sugauli police station robbery. |
| Hemchandra Kanungo | 1871 | 1951 | Alipore bomb case |
| Surendranath Tagore | 1872 | 1940 | Involved in the Swadeshi movement in Bengal, in opposition to the 1905 partition of Bengal. |
| Basawon Singh (Sinha) | 1909 | 1989 | Lahore conspiracy case |
| Bhavabhushan Mitra | 1881 | 1970 | Ghadar Mutiny |
| Bina Das | 1911 | 1986 | Attempted to assassinate the Bengal Governor Stanley Jackson. |
| Kalpana Datta | 1913 | 1995 | Indian Independence Movement, also part of the Chittagong armoury raid planning. |
| Kartar Singh Sarabha | 1896 | 1915 | Most famous accused in the Lahore conspiracy trial. |
| Shyamji Krishna Varma | 1857 | 1930 | Founded the Indian Home Rule Society, India House and "The Indian Sociologist" in London. |
| Subhas Chandra Bose | 1897 | 1945 | Founded the Indian Legion and revamped the Indian National Army. |
| Binod Bihari Chowdhury | 1911 | 2013 | Chittagong armoury raid |
| Bhupendranath Datta | 1880 | 1961 | Indo-German Conspiracy, member of Anushilan Samiti. |
| Amarendranath Chatterjee | 1880 | 1957 | Indo-German Conspiracy |
| Atulkrishna Ghosh | 1890 | 1966 | Indo-German Conspiracy |
| Subodh Roy | 1916 | 2006 | Chittagong armoury raid, Tebhaga movement |
| Maulvi Liaquat Ali | 1812 | 1892 | Captured Khusro Bagh in Allahabad and declared "independence" of India. |
| Asaf Ali | 1888 | 1953 | Indian national movement |
| Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi | 1869 | 1948 | Was the preeminent leader of the Indian independence movement in British-ruled India. Employing non-violent civil disobedience, Gandhi led India to independence and inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. |
| Jawahar Lal Nehru | 1889 | 1964 | First prime minister of India, a paramount leader of Indian independence under the tutelage of M. K. Gandhi |
| S. Satyamurti | 1887 | 1943 | Mayor of Madras, President of the Madras District Congress Party Committee, Advocate of the High Court of Madras, Senior Advocate of the Federal Court of India, Deputy leader of the Congress party, Member of the Indian Legislative Assembly.[3] |
| Shaukat Ali | 1873 | 1938 | Maulana, "Shaukat Ali", his brother "Mohammad Ali" and their mother "Bi Amman", played an incredible role in the freedom movement of India against the British Imperialism. These brave freedom fighters were unmitigated champions of Hindu-Muslim unity who endorsed the Hindus and the Muslims to fight together in the struggle for independence from the British forgetting their religious feelings and thinking only they are Indians, they were the ambassadors of Hindu-Muslim Unity. They were arrested and imprisoned from 1921 to 1923 for his support to Mahatma Gandhi and the Indian National Congress during the Non-Cooperation Movement (1919–1922).[4] |
| Sushila Chain Trehan | 1923 | 2011 | Leading member of Arya Samaj who fought for women's rights. |
| Bal Gangadhar Tilak | 1856 | 1920 | Tilak was one of the first and strongest advocates of Swaraj ("self-rule") and a strong radical in Indian consciousness. |
| Bipin Chandra Pal | 1858 | 1932 | Member of Swaraj |
| Lala Lajpat Rai | 1865 | 1928 | Member of Swaraj |
References
^ PTI (2016-08-18). "Pension of freedom fighters hiked by Rs 5,000". The Hindu Business Line. Retrieved 2017-02-23..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em
^ Lisa Mitchell (2009). Language, Emotion, and Politics in South India: The Making of a Mother Tongue. Indiana University Press. p. 193. ISBN 0-253-35301-7.
^ S, SATYAMURTI; Indian Political Leader, 56, Long Active in Civil Disobedience, NYTimes (subscription required)
^ Brief History of Shaukat Ali,[1], [2]
Bhagat Singh
Born
1907[a]
Banga, Punjab, British India
(now in Punjab, Pakistan)
Died
23 March 1931 (aged 23)
Lahore, Punjab, British India
(now in Punjab, Pakistan)
Organization
Naujawan Bharat Sabha
Hindustan Socialist Republican Association
Kirti Kisan Party
Movement
Indian Independence movement
