Patagonian Welsh
| Patagonian Welsh | |
|---|---|
| Cymraeg y Wladfa | |
| Native to | Argentina |
| Region | Chubut |
Native speakers | 1,500-5,000[1][2] (2017) |
Language family | Indo-European
|
Writing system | Latin (Welsh alphabet) |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | pata1258[3] |
Trilingual sign in Gaiman, Chubut
Ysgol yr Hendre, Patagonia's Welsh-language school.
Patagonian Welsh (Welsh: Cymraeg y Wladfa) is the name given to the Welsh language as spoken in Y Wladfa, the Welsh settlement in Patagonia, Argentina, specifically in the province of Chubut.[4][5]
Teachers are sent to teach the language and to train local tutors in the Welsh language, and there is some prestige of knowing the language, even among those who are not of Welsh descent.[6]The Welsh education and projects are mainly funded by the Welsh Government, British Council, Cardiff University and the Welsh–Argentine Association. In 2005 there were 62 Welsh classes in the area and Welsh was taught as a subject in two primary schools and two colleges in the region of Gaiman. There is also a bilingual Welsh–Spanish language school called Ysgol yr Hendre situated in Trelew and a college located in Esquel. As of 2016[update], there are three bilingual Welsh–Spanish schools in Patagonia.[7]
Patagonian Welsh has developed to be a distinct dialect of Welsh, different from the several dialects used in Wales itself;[how?] however speakers from Wales and Patagonia are able to communicate readily.[6] Toponyms throughout the Chubut Valley are of Welsh origin.
A total of 1,220 people undertook Welsh courses in Patagonia in 2015.[8]
The formal Eisteddfod poetry competitions have been revived[9], although they are now bilingual in Welsh and Spanish.[10]
Contents
1 History
2 Vocabulary
3 References
4 External links
History
The Welsh people first arrived in Patagonia in 1865. They had migrated to protect their native Welsh culture and language, which they considered to be threatened in their native Wales.[11][12] Over the years the use of the language started to decrease and there was relatively little contact between Wales and the Chubut Valley. The situation began to change[6] when many Welsh people visited the region in 1965 to celebrate the colony's centenary; since then the number of Welsh visitors increased.
In 1945 and 1946 the BBC World Service broadcast radio shows in Patagonian Welsh.[13]
During the 1982 repatriation of Argentine troops from the Falklands war, British Merchant Navy seamen and Welsh Guardsmen met a Welsh-speaking Argentine soldier.[14] The detained troops were disembarked at Puerto Madryn.
In 2004 the Welsh speakers in Argentina asked permission from the Welsh government to access Welsh TV programmes to encourage the learning of the language and for the language to grow.[15]
Vocabulary
| Patagonian Welsh[16] | Welsh (Wales) | English |
|---|---|---|
| Singlet | Fest | Vest |
| Poncin | Pwmpen | Pumpkin |
| Mynd i baseando | Mynd am dro | To go for a walk |
| Corral | Corlan | |
| Siarad drwy'r ffôn | Siarad ar y ffôn | To talk on the phone |
| Pasiwch | Dewch i mewn | Enter |
| Tan tro nesaf | Hwyl fawr | Goodbye |
| Allan | Mas (South Wales), allan (North Wales) | Out |
| Cur pen | Pen tost (South Wales), cur pen (North Wales) | Headache |
| Fo | Fe (South Wales), fo (North Wales) | Him |
| Fyny | Lan (South Wales), fyny (North Wales) | Up |
| Nain a taid | Mamgu a tadcu (South Wales), nain a taid (North Wales) | Gran and granddad |
| Ffwrn | Ffwrn (South Wales), popty (North Wales) | Oven |
| Llaeth | Llaeth (South Wales), llefrith (North Wales) | Milk |
| March | March (South Wales), stalwyn (North Wales) | Stallion |
| Costio | N/a | To be difficult for someone (from Spanish, 'costar') |
References
^ "Patagonia's Welsh settlement was 'cultural colonialism' says academic". WalesOnline. Archived from the original on 2017-08-27. Retrieved 6 May 2017..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em
^ wales.com. "Wales and Patagonia". Archived from the original on 2017-04-17. Retrieved 6 May 2017.
^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Patagonian Welsh". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
^ "Viewpoint: The Argentines who speak Welsh". BBC News Magazine. 16 October 2014. Archived from the original on 2014-10-16. Retrieved 16 October 2014.
^ "BBC National Orchestra of Wales first for Patagonia". BBC News Online. 22 October 2015. Archived from the original on 2018-10-25. Retrieved 18 May 2018.
^ abc Huw Edwards (29 August 2016). "Patagonia with Huw Edwards". BBC One. Archived from the original on 2016-10-15. Retrieved 15 September 2016. Television program by Huw Edwards on Patagonia and its Welsh community and culture.
^ "A new bilingual Welsh and Spanish schools for Patagonia". Welsh Government. 16 March 2016. Archived from the original on 2016-03-23. Retrieved 2016-03-16.
^ "Welsh Language Project Annual Report 2015" (PDF). British Council. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-09-18. Retrieved 2016-08-24.
^ news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/wales/1622457.stm
^ www.eisteddfodpatagonia.com/
^ "The Welsh language in 19th century education". BBC Wales. Archived from the original on 2014-04-28. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
^ "The History of Welsh Patagonia". www.historic-uk.com. Archived from the original on 2017-11-08. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
^ "75 Years". BBC World Service. Archived from the original on 2015-03-11. Retrieved 2015-11-03.
^ Johnson-Allen, J. They couldn't have done it without us 2011 Seafarer Books p.168
ISBN 9781906266233
^ "Patagonian welsh". clanjames.com. Archived from the original on 2012-03-20. Retrieved 2011-12-30.
^ "Cymraeg y Wladfa a Chymraeg Cymru - beth yw'r gwahaniaethau?". BBC Cymru Fyw. 2018-09-28. Archived from the original on 2018-10-02. Retrieved 2018-10-01.
External links
- Project-Hiraeth – Documents the stories of the Welsh colony in Patagonia, Argentina through film, text and illustration.
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