West Singhbhum district



District of Jharkhand in India



























West Singhbhum district
District of Jharkhand

Location of West Singhbhum district in Jharkhand
Location of West Singhbhum district in Jharkhand

CountryIndia
StateJharkhand
Administrative divisionKolhan division
HeadquartersChaibasa
Government

 • Lok Sabha constituencies

Singhbhum (shared with Seraikela Kharsawan district)
 • Assembly seats5
Area

 • Total5,351 km2 (2,066 sq mi)
Population
(2011)

 • Total1,501,619
 • Density280/km2 (730/sq mi)
Demographics

 • Literacy
59.54 per cent
 • Sex ratio1001
Average annual precipitation1422 mm
WebsiteOfficial website

West Singhbhum or Pashchimi Singhbhum is one of the 24 districts of Jharkhand state, India. It came into existence on 16 January 1990, when the old Singhbhum district was bifurcated. Chaibasa is the state headquarters.


The district is bounded on north by Khunti district, on the east by Saraikela Kharsawan district, on the south by Keonjhar, Mayurbhanj and Sundergarh districts of Odisha and on the west by Simdega district of Jharkhand and Sundergarh district of Odisha.
Jaduguda is first Uranium Mine in India located in Singhbhum district of Jharkhand.




Contents





  • 1 History


  • 2 Geography

    • 2.1 Rivers


    • 2.2 Mines and minerals



  • 3 Administration

    • 3.1 Blocks/Mandals



  • 4 Demographics


  • 5 Flora and fauna


  • 6 References


  • 7 External links




History


Several Iron slags, microlith, Potsherds have discovered from Singhbhum district which are from 1400 BCE according to Carbon dating age.[1]


West Singhbhum is one of the oldest districts of Jharkhand. After the British conquest of Kolhan in 1837, a new district was consequently constituted to be known as Singhbhum with Chaibasa as its headquarters. Subsequently three districts, namely East Singhbhum, West Singhbhum and Seraikela Kharsawan have been carved out of erstwhile Singhbhum district.[citation needed]


West Singhbhum district came into existence when the old Singhbhum District bifurcated in 1990. With 9 community development blocks the Eastern part became East Singhbhum district with Jamshedpur as its headquarters and with remaining 23 blocks the larger Western part became West Singhbhum district with Chaibasa as its headquarters. In 2001 West Singhbhum again divided into two parts. With 8 blocks Saraikela-Kharsawan district came into existence. At present West Singhbhum remains with 15 blocks and two administrative sub-divisions.[citation needed]


There are several accounts relating to the origin of the name of the district:


  • According to one the name Singhbhum, or the land of "Singhs" has been derived from the patronymic of the Singh Rajas of Porahat, the junior branch of whom went on to found the ruling "Singh Deo" family of Saraikela State.[citation needed]

  • A second account suggests that the name is a corrupt form of the Singh Bonga the principal deity of the district's tribal population.[citation needed]

  • Yet another origin of the name could be the literal meaning land of lions (in Odia) from words Singh for lion and Bhumi for land, referring directly to the animals.[citation needed]

It is currently a part of the Red Corridor.[2]



Geography


West Singhbhum district forms the Southern part of the newly created Jharkhand state and is the largest district in the state. The district spreads from 21.97°N to 23.60°N and from 85.00°E to 86.90°E. The district is situated at an average height of 244 metres above sea level and covers an area of 7629.679  km².


The district is covered with hills alternating with valleys, steep mountains, and deep forests on the mountain slopes. It contains some of the best Sal tree forests and the famous Saranda forest. There are plenty of waterfalls and a large variety of wild life like elephants, bison, tigers, leopards, bear, wild dogs and wild boars. Sambar Deer and spotted deer are also found but their numbers are decreasing in the forests adjoining inhabited areas.


The district contains large deposits of iron ore which are increasingly being mined to feed the growing demand for steel production.



Rivers


Following are some of the rivers flowing in the West Singhbhum District: Koel, Karo-Koina, Kuju, Kharkai, Sanjai, Roro, Deo, and Baitarini.[3]



Mines and minerals


The greater part of West Singhbhum district is covered with deposits of iron-ore and other industrially important minerals including the following:


  • Chromite

  • Magnetite

  • Manganese

  • Kainite

  • Lime Stone

  • Iron Ore

  • Asbestos

  • Soap-stone


Administration



Blocks/Mandals


West Singhbhum district consists of 18 Blocks. The following are the list of the Blocks in West Singhbhum district:



  1. Chaibasa

  2. Khuntipani

  3. Jhinkpani

  4. Tonto

  5. Kumardungi

  6. Tantnagar

  7. Jagannathpur

  8. Manjhari

  9. Manjhgaon

  10. Noamundi

  11. Chakradharpur

  12. Bandgaon

  13. Manoharpur

  14. Goilkera

  15. Sonua

  16. Gudri

  17. Anandpur

  18. Hatgamharia



Demographics


According to the 2011 census West Singhbhum district has a population of 1,501,619,[4] roughly equal to the nation of Gabon[5] or the US state of Hawaii.[6] This gives it a ranking of 335th in India (out of a total of 640).[4] The district has a population density of 209 inhabitants per square kilometre (540/sq mi) .[4] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 21.69%.[4] Pashchimi Singhbhum has a sex ratio of 1004 females for every 1000 males,[4] and a literacy rate of 59.54%.[4]


The majority of the population of West Singhbhum consists of Hos.[citation needed]



Flora and fauna


West Singhbhum district is full of dense forests and hills and harbors a variety of flora and fauna.



References




  1. ^ Singh, Upinder (2008). A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century. Pearson Education India. p. 220. ISBN 9788131711200..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintdisplay:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em


  2. ^ "83 districts under the Security Related Expenditure Scheme". IntelliBriefs. 2009-12-11. Retrieved 2011-09-17.


  3. ^ "West Singhbhum district of Jharkhand". River Systempublisher = District administration. Retrieved 2010-04-20.


  4. ^ abcdef "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 2011-09-30.


  5. ^ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Retrieved 2011-10-01. Gabon 1,576,665


  6. ^ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-09-30. Hawaii 1,360,301




External links


  • West Singhbhum District Administration website





Coordinates: 22°34′00″N 85°49′00″E / 22.5667°N 85.8167°E / 22.5667; 85.8167







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