Clavatulidae
| Clavatulidae | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Five views of a shell of Perrona semimarginata | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
Clade: | Caenogastropoda |
Clade: | Hypsogastropoda |
Clade: | Neogastropoda |
| Superfamily: | Conoidea |
| Family: | Clavatulidae Gray, 1853[1] |
| Genera | |
See text | |
Synonyms[2] | |
| |
Clavatulidae is a taxonomic family of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Conoidea.[3] The family is not well differentiated morphologically.
Clavatulidae was raised, based on cladistic analysis, from subfamily to the family level by Rosenberg in 1998. It is no longer regarded as a subfamily of Turridae by several malacologists (Kantor, Sysoev).[2][4][5] This family has no subfamilies.
Contents
1 General characteristics
2 Genera
3 Ecology
4 References
5 External links
General characteristics
This family consists of species with a medium-sized to rather large, fusiform shell. The oblong, pointed spire is rather high. The aperture is oval and mostly white. The operculum has a medio-lateral nucleus. The siphonal canal varies between rather short (e.g. Pusionella compacta) to moderately long and slightly incurved (e.g. Fusiturris undatiruga). The anal sinus varies from very shallow to rather deep. The outer lip can be slightly incurved and serrated on its side. The subsutural ramp is usually well developed. The sculpture of the shell in this family shows various forms, going from a rather smooth surface (e.g. Gemmuloborsonia colorata) to being finely ribbed longitudinally and striated transversally. The stenoglossan radula has the formula 1-(1-R-1)-1 [4][6]
Genera
Genera in the family Clavatulidae include:
Benthoclionella Kilburn, 1974
Caliendrula Kilburn, 1985
Clavatula Lamarck, 1801
Clionella Gray, 1847
Fusiturris Thiele, 1929
Gemmuloborsonia Shuto, 1989- † Hemisurcula Casey, 1904
Makiyamaia Kuroda, 1961
Perrona Schumacher, 1817
Pusionella Gray, 1847
Scaevatula Gofas, 1990
Tomellana Wenz, 1943
Toxiclionella Powell, 1966- † Trachelochetus Cossmann, 1889 [7]
Trachydrillia Nolf & Swinnen, 2010
Turricula Schumacher, 1817
- Genera moved to other families
Danilacarina Bozzetti, 1997 moved to Cochlespiridae
Iwaoa Kuroda, 1953 moved to Horaiclavidae
- Genera brought into synonymy
Melatoma Swainson, 1840 : synonym of Clionella Gray, 1847
Netrum Philippi, 1850 : synonym of Pusionella Gray, 1847
Surcula H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853: synonym of Turricula Schumacher, 1817
Tomella Swainson, 1840 : synonym of Tomellana Wenz, 1943
Tyrrhenoturris Coen, 1929: synonym of Fusiturris Thiele, 1929
Ecology
Species from family Clavatulidae are omnivores, predators and scavengers.[8]
References
^ Gray J. E. (1853). "On the division of Ctenobranchous Gasteropodous Mollusca into larger groups and families". Annals and Magazine of Natural History (2)11: 124-133. Clavatulidae (spelled as Clavatulina) is on the page 128.
^ ab World Register of Marine Species: Clavatulidae. accessed 1 April 2010.
^ Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P. (2005). "Classification and Nomenclator of Gastropod Families". Malacologia. 47 (1–2)..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintdisplay:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em
^ ab P. Bouchet; Yu. I. Kantor; A. Sysoev; N. Puillandre (2011). "A new operational classification of the Conoidea (Gastropoda)". Journal of Molluscan Studies. 77 (3): 273–308. doi:10.1093/mollus/eyr017.
^ Vaught, K.C. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA).
ISBN 0-915826-22-4. XII, 195 pp.
^ George Washington Tryon, Manual of Conchology vol. VI Clavatulinae p. 228 ; 1884
^ Pacaud, Jean—Michel, and Jacques Le Renard. "Révision des mollusques Paléogènes du Bassin de Paris. IV-Liste systématique actualisée." Cossmanniana 3.4 (1995): 155-187.
^ WoRMS (2009). Clavatulinae. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2009) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=153900 on 2010-04-01
External links
- Worldwide Mollusc Species Data Base: family Clavatulidae
 | Wikispecies has information related to Clavatulidae |
