Goniopholididae













Goniopholididae
Temporal range: 196–66 Ma

PreЄ

Є

O

S

D

C

P

T

J

K

Pg

N







Sinemurian - Maastrichtian


Goniopholis simus 3.jpg

Anteophthalmosuchus fossil, Musee d'Histoire Naturelle, Brussels

Scientific classification edit
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Reptilia

Clade:
Neosuchia
Family:
†Goniopholididae
Cope, 1875
Subgroups

See text.


Goniopholididae is an extinct family of moderate-sized semi-aquatic crocodyliforms superficially similar to living crocodiles (but see below). They lived between the Early Jurassic and the Late Cretaceous.[1][2]




Contents





  • 1 Phylogeny


  • 2 Geographical distribution


  • 3 Biology


  • 4 References




Phylogeny


The following cladogram simplified after an analysis presented by Marco Brandalise de Andrade and colleagues in 2011.[3]


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Neosuchia







Atoposauridae






 

Theriosuchus pusillus


 
 

Theriosuchus guimarotae


 
 
 






 






 

Rugosuchus


 
 






 

Bernissartia


 
 

Eusuchia


 
 
 
 






 

Stolokrosuchus


 
 






 






 

Tethysuchia


 
 

Thalattosuchia


 
 

Goniopholididae






 

Calsoyasuchus valliceps


 
 






 








 

"Goniopholis" phuwiangensis


 
 






 

Eutretauranosuchus delfi


 
 

"Sunosuchus" junggarensis


 
 
 






 

Sunosuchus miaoi


 
 

Chalawan thailandicus


 
 
 
 






 

Siamosuchus phuphokensis


 
 






 

Amphicotylus lucasii


 
 








 

Denazinosuchus kirtlandicus


 
 

Nannosuchus gracilidens


 
 






 






 

Hulkepholis willetti


 
 






 

Anteophthalmosuchus


 
 

Dollo’s goniopholidid


 
 
 

Goniopholis






 

Goniopholis baryglyphaeus


 
 






 

Goniopholis kiplingi


 
 

Goniopholis simus


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


Geographical distribution


Goniopholidids are known across Laurasia, ranging from North America, Europe and China from the Middle Jurassic,[1][4] and reaching Thailand by the Early Cretaceous.[5]



Biology


Compared to modern crocodilians, goniopholids are very unusual in several respects. They possessed two rows of rectangular, interlocking osteoderms like those of terrestrial crocodilymorphs like atoposaurids, that are relatively simple, do not extend far in their necks, as opposed to the ornate armours of modern crocodilians; likewise, unlike modern crocodilians but like many extinct forms like phytosaurs, they have ventral osteoderms as well. Their forelimbs are also proportionally very long, particularly in the humeri and wrist bones, being as long or longer than the hindlimbs, the opposite of the condition seen in modern crocodilians. Some like Anteophthalmosuchus also have forwardly oriented eyes, as opposed to the dorsally oriented eyes seen in modern forms. These suggest multiple biomechanical differences from modern species.[6][7]



References




  1. ^ ab Steel R. 1973. Crocodylia. Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie, Teil 16. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag, 116 pp.


  2. ^ Tykoski RS, Rowe TB, Ketcham RA, Colbert MW. 2002. Calsoyasuchus valliceps, a new crocodyliform from the Early Jurassic Kayenta Formation of Arizona. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22 (3): 593-611.


  3. ^ Marco Brandalise de Andrade; Richard Edmonds; Michael J. Benton; Remmert Schouten (2011). "A new Berriasian species of Goniopholis (Mesoeucrocodylia, Neosuchia) from England, and a review of the genus". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 163 (s1): S66–S108. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00709.x..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintdisplay:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em


  4. ^ Maisch MW, Matzke AT, Stohr H. 2003. Sunosuchus (Archosauria, Crocodyliformes) from the Toutunhe Formation (Middle Jurassic) of the Southern Junggar Basin (Xinjiang, NW-China). Geobios 36 (4): 391-400.


  5. ^ Lauprasert, K.; Cuny, G.; Buffetaut, E.; Suteethorn, V.; Thirakhupt, K. (2007). "Siamosuchus phuphokensis, a new goniopholidid from the Early Cretaceous (ante-Aptian) of northeastern Thailand". Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France. 178 (3): 201–216. doi:10.2113/gssgfbull.178.3.201.


  6. ^ Salisbury, S. W. & Frey, E. 2000. A biomechanical transformation model for the evolution of semi-spheroidal articulations between adjoining vertebral bodies in crocodilians. In Grigg, G. C., Seebacher, F. & Franklin, C. E. (eds) Crocodilian Biology and Evolution. Surry Beatty & Sons (Chipping Norton, Aus.), pp. 85-134.


  7. ^ Salisbury, S. W. & Naish, D. (2011). Crocodilians. In Batten, D. J. (ed.) English Wealden Fossils. The Palaeontological Association (London), pp. 305-369.










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