37th parallel north
The 37th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 37 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Europe, the Mediterranean Sea, Africa, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America, and the Atlantic Ocean.
At this latitude the sun is visible for 14 hours, 42 minutes during the summer solstice and 9 hours, 37 minutes during the winter solstice.[1] This is roughly the northern limit of the visibility of Canopus, the second-brightest star of the night sky.
Contents
1 Around the world
2 United States
3 See also
4 References
Around the world
Starting at the Prime Meridian and heading eastwards, the parallel 37° north passes through:
Co-ordinates Country, territory or sea Notes
37°0′N 0°0′E / 37.000°N 0.000°E / 37.000; 0.000 (Prime Meridian)
Mediterranean Sea
37°0′N 6°15′E / 37.000°N 6.250°E / 37.000; 6.250 (Algeria)
Algeria
37°0′N 6°34′E / 37.000°N 6.567°E / 37.000; 6.567 (Mediterranean Sea)
Mediterranean Sea
37°0′N 7°15′E / 37.000°N 7.250°E / 37.000; 7.250 (Algeria)
Algeria
37°0′N 7°33′E / 37.000°N 7.550°E / 37.000; 7.550 (Mediterranean Sea)
Mediterranean Sea
37°0′N 8°52′E / 37.000°N 8.867°E / 37.000; 8.867 (Tunisia)
Tunisia
37°0′N 10°11′E / 37.000°N 10.183°E / 37.000; 10.183 (Mediterranean Sea)
Mediterranean Sea
Gulf of Tunis
37°0′N 10°53′E / 37.000°N 10.883°E / 37.000; 10.883 (Tunisia)
Tunisia
Cap Bon
37°0′N 11°4′E / 37.000°N 11.067°E / 37.000; 11.067 (Mediterranean Sea)
Mediterranean Sea
Strait of Sicily, passing just north of the island of Pantelleria, Italy
37°0′N 14°20′E / 37.000°N 14.333°E / 37.000; 14.333 (Italy)
ItalyIsland of Sicily
— Province of Ragusa
— Province of Siracusa
37°0′N 15°16′E / 37.000°N 15.267°E / 37.000; 15.267 (Ionian Sea)
Ionian Sea
37°0′N 21°39′E / 37.000°N 21.650°E / 37.000; 21.650 (Greece)
Greece
Peloponnese (Messenia)
37°0′N 21°57′E / 37.000°N 21.950°E / 37.000; 21.950 (Ionian Sea)
Ionian Sea
Messenian Gulf
37°0′N 22°09′E / 37.000°N 22.150°E / 37.000; 22.150 (Greece)
Greece
Peloponnese
— Messenia
— Laconia
37°0′N 23°0′E / 37.000°N 23.000°E / 37.000; 23.000 (Aegean Sea)
Aegean Sea
Myrtoan Sea
37°0′N 24°40′E / 37.000°N 24.667°E / 37.000; 24.667 (Greece)
GreeceIsland of Sifnos
37°0′N 24°44′E / 37.000°N 24.733°E / 37.000; 24.733 (Aegean Sea)
Aegean Sea
37°0′N 25°1′E / 37.000°N 25.017°E / 37.000; 25.017 (Greece)
GreeceIslands of Antiparos and Paros
37°0′N 25°13′E / 37.000°N 25.217°E / 37.000; 25.217 (Aegean Sea)
Aegean Sea
37°0′N 25°23′E / 37.000°N 25.383°E / 37.000; 25.383 (Greece)
GreeceIsland of Naxos
37°0′N 25°34′E / 37.000°N 25.567°E / 37.000; 25.567 (Aegean Sea)
Aegean Sea
37°0′N 26°26′E / 37.000°N 26.433°E / 37.000; 26.433 (Greece)
GreeceIsland of Levitha
37°0′N 26°30′E / 37.000°N 26.500°E / 37.000; 26.500 (Aegean Sea)
Aegean Sea
37°0′N 26°55′E / 37.000°N 26.917°E / 37.000; 26.917 (Greece)
GreeceIsland of Kalymnos
37°0′N 27°3′E / 37.000°N 27.050°E / 37.000; 27.050 (Aegean Sea)
Aegean Sea
37°0′N 27°15′E / 37.000°N 27.250°E / 37.000; 27.250 (Turkey)
Turkey
37°0′N 27°47′E / 37.000°N 27.783°E / 37.000; 27.783 (Aegean Sea)
Aegean Sea
37°0′N 28°13′E / 37.000°N 28.217°E / 37.000; 28.217 (Turkey)
TurkeyPassing through Adana and Nizip
37°0′N 40°25′E / 37.000°N 40.417°E / 37.000; 40.417 (Syria)
Syria
37°0′N 42°18′E / 37.000°N 42.300°E / 37.000; 42.300 (Iraq)
Iraq
37°0′N 44°16′E / 37.000°N 44.267°E / 37.000; 44.267 (Turkey)
Turkey
Şemdinli district (For about 7 km)
37°0′N 44°20′E / 37.000°N 44.333°E / 37.000; 44.333 (Iraq)
Iraq
37°0′N 44°54′E / 37.000°N 44.900°E / 37.000; 44.900 (Iran)
Iran
37°0′N 50°32′E / 37.000°N 50.533°E / 37.000; 50.533 (Caspian Sea)
Caspian Sea
37°0′N 54°0′E / 37.000°N 54.000°E / 37.000; 54.000 (Iran)
Iran
37°0′N 60°3′E / 37.000°N 60.050°E / 37.000; 60.050 (Turkmenistan)
Turkmenistan
37°0′N 64°47′E / 37.000°N 64.783°E / 37.000; 64.783 (Afghanistan)
Afghanistan
37°0′N 67°56′E / 37.000°N 67.933°E / 37.000; 67.933 (Tajikistan)
Tajikistan
37°0′N 68°10′E / 37.000°N 68.167°E / 37.000; 68.167 (Afghanistan)
Afghanistan
37°0′N 71°28′E / 37.000°N 71.467°E / 37.000; 71.467 (Tajikistan)
Tajikistan
37°0′N 72°28′E / 37.000°N 72.467°E / 37.000; 72.467 (Afghanistan)
Afghanistan
37°0′N 74°34′E / 37.000°N 74.567°E / 37.000; 74.567 (Pakistan)
Pakistan
Gilgit-Baltistan - claimed by India
37°0′N 74°50′E / 37.000°N 74.833°E / 37.000; 74.833 (China)
People's Republic of China
Xinjiang - for about 14 km
37°0′N 75°0′E / 37.000°N 75.000°E / 37.000; 75.000 (Pakistan)
Pakistan
Gilgit-Baltistan - for about 14 km, claimed by India
37°0′N 75°9′E / 37.000°N 75.150°E / 37.000; 75.150 (China)
People's Republic of China
Xinjiang
Qinghai
Gansu
Ningxia
Gansu
Shaanxi
Shanxi
Hebei
Shandong
37°0′N 122°32′E / 37.000°N 122.533°E / 37.000; 122.533 (Yellow Sea)
Yellow Sea
37°0′N 126°20′E / 37.000°N 126.333°E / 37.000; 126.333 (South Korea)
South Korea
South Chungcheong Province
Gyeonggi Province
North Chungcheong Province
North Gyeongsang Province
37°0′N 129°25′E / 37.000°N 129.417°E / 37.000; 129.417 (Sea of Japan)
Sea of Japan
37°0′N 136°46′E / 37.000°N 136.767°E / 37.000; 136.767 (Japan)
JapanIsland of Honshū:
— Ishikawa Prefecture
37°0′N 137°3′E / 37.000°N 137.050°E / 37.000; 137.050 (Sea of Japan)
Sea of Japan
Toyama Bay
37°0′N 137°42′E / 37.000°N 137.700°E / 37.000; 137.700 (Japan)
JapanIsland of Honshū:
— Niigata Prefecture
— Nagano Prefecture
— Niigata Prefecture
— Gunma Prefecture − for around 10 km
— Niigata Prefecture − for around 7 km
— Fukushima Prefecture
— Tochigi Prefecture
— Ibaraki Prefecture
— Fukushima Prefecture
37°0′N 140°59′E / 37.000°N 140.983°E / 37.000; 140.983 (Pacific Ocean)
Pacific Ocean
37°0′N 122°11′W / 37.000°N 122.183°W / 37.000; -122.183 (United States)
United States
California (landfall near Santa Cruz)
Nevada
Utah / Arizona border
Colorado / New Mexico border
Colorado / Oklahoma border
Kansas / Oklahoma border
Missouri
Illinois (at its southernmost point)
Kentucky
Virginia - passing through Chesapeake Bay Bridge–Tunnel (specifically, the bridge between the two tunnels)
37°0′N 76°18′W / 37.000°N 76.300°W / 37.000; -76.300 (Atlantic Ocean)
Atlantic Ocean
37°0′N 25°10′W / 37.000°N 25.167°W / 37.000; -25.167 (Portugal)
Portugal
Santa Maria Island in the Azores
37°0′N 25°3′W / 37.000°N 25.050°W / 37.000; -25.050 (Atlantic Ocean)
Atlantic Ocean
37°0′N 8°57′W / 37.000°N 8.950°W / 37.000; -8.950 (Portugal)
Portugal
Sagres Point
37°0′N 8°56′W / 37.000°N 8.933°W / 37.000; -8.933 (Atlantic Ocean)
Atlantic Ocean
37°0′N 7°59′W / 37.000°N 7.983°W / 37.000; -7.983 (Portugal)
Portugal
Cape Santa Maria
37°0′N 7°50′W / 37.000°N 7.833°W / 37.000; -7.833 (Atlantic Ocean)
Atlantic Ocean
Gulf of Cádiz
37°0′N 6°32′W / 37.000°N 6.533°W / 37.000; -6.533 (Spain)
Spain
37°0′N 1°53′W / 37.000°N 1.883°W / 37.000; -1.883 (Mediterranean Sea)
Mediterranean Sea
United States
In the United States, the parallel defines the southern borders of Utah, Colorado, and Kansas, and the northern borders of Arizona, New Mexico, and Oklahoma. It dates to the Kansas–Nebraska Act of 1854 when Congress divided Indian Territory into Kansas and Nebraska north of the 37th parallel and a remainder Indian Territory to the south. Before that the line had been thought to be the boundary between the Cherokee and Osage reservations - the 2.46 miles (3.96 km) discrepancy resulting in the creation of the Cherokee Strip. Congress extended the line west to New Mexico Territory, thus defining which states and territories would constitute The South between the Colorado and Mississippi Rivers, and creating what later became the Oklahoma Panhandle.[2]
Landmarks on the 37th parallel include Santa Cruz, California; Gilroy, California; Madera, California; Ubehebe Crater in Death Valley; Colorado City, Arizona; the Four Corners at the intersection with the 32nd meridian west from Washington (the only place where four U.S. states meet at a point); Cairo, Illinois; Bowling Green, Kentucky; and Newport News, and Hampton, Virginia. It enters the Chesapeake Bay at the northernmost tunnel entrance / exit of the Hampton Roads Bridge Tunnel and the southernmost point of Old Point Comfort on the former Army base, Ft. Monroe.
The parallel 37° north formed the southern boundary of the historic and extralegal Territory of Jefferson.
See also
- 36th parallel north
- Parallel 36°30′ north
- 38th parallel north
References
^ http://aa.usno.navy.mil/data/docs/Dur_OneYear.php
^ Hubbard, Bill (2009). American Boundaries: The Nation, the States, the Rectangular Survey. University of Chicago Press. p. 158. ISBN 978-0-226-35591-7. Retrieved 27 September 2012..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em